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Objective To investigate the analgesic effect of Resolvin D1 (RvD1) on radicular pain induced by herniated nucleus pulposusand its underlying mechanism.Methods Fifty-six male rats were randomly divided intoa sham group,a model group,a 10 ng group anda 100 ng group,each of 14.The rat model of non-compressive lumber disc herniation was established in all except the sham group.The former two groups were then injected with 10 μl of phosphate buffer solution (PBS) while the latter 2 groups were injected with 10 μl of PBS containing 10 and 100 ng of RvD1 respectively daily for three successive days.The rats' 50％ paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) was evaluated 1 day before and on 7 successive days after surgery.On day 7 the rats' spinal cords were removed to assess the expression of tumor necrosis factor-or (TNF-α),interlukin-1β (IL-1β) and interlukin-10 (IL-10) using ELISA methods.The levels of ERK and NF-κB/p65 were measured using Western blotting.Results Theaverage 50％PWT of the model group decreased significantly from day 1 to day 7 compared with the sham group,but was significantly lower thanthe RvD1 10 ng group from day 3 to day 7.Moreover the 50％PWT in the RvD1 100 ng group increased significantlyfrom day 2 to day 7 compared with the model group (P＜0.05).The average expression of both TNF-α and IL-1β of the model group was upregulated significantly and that of IL-10 decreased significantly compared with the sham group.Compared with the model group,the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β decreased significantly (P＜0.05)and the level of IL-10 was significantlyup-regulated (P＜0.05) both in the RvD1 10 ng group and 100 ng group.Moreover,the changes were larger in the RvD1 100 ng group (P＜0.05).Compared with the sham group,the levels of p-ERK and NF-κB/p65 in the model group were significantly up-regulated (P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,intrathecal injection of RvD1 (10 ng or 100 ng) significantly decreased the expressions of p-ERK and NF-κB/p65 (P＜0.05).Moreover,the decrease wasgreater in the RvD1 100 ng group (P＜0.05).Conclusions RvD1 might alleviate the radicular inflammation and pain byregulating the balance of inflammatory mediators and activation of p-ERK and NF-κB/p65 pathways.It may offer novel therapeutic approaches for the management of lumbar disc herniation.
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Objective To investigate the effects of ozone (O3) on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the articular cartilage of rats with osteoarthritis (OA).Methods Eighteen male SPF Wistar rats,aged 3 months,weighing 200-250 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =6 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),group OA,and O3 group (group O).OA was induced by injection of monosodium iodoacetate 3 mg (50 μl) into the right knee joint cavity.On 7th day after the model was established successfully,25 μg/ml O3 1 ml were injected into the knee joint cavity,once a week for 3 consecutive weeks in group O.Behavioral changes were observed after establishment of the model.At 1 day before establishment of the model,and 1,4,7,14,21 and 28 days after establishment of the model,the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) was measured.At 28 days after establishment of the model,the total knee joint was removed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin for examination of the pathological changes of the cartilage (under light microscope) and for determination of the expression of β-catenin and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) in the cartilage (by immunohistochemistry).Results The signs of OA such as hind-limb motor dysfunction,knee joint swelling,or decreased joint motion,and signs of hyperalgesia such as lickings were observed after establishment of the model in rats.Compared with group C,the MWT was significantly decreased at each time point after establishment of the model,and the ex pression of β-catenin and MMP-13 in the cartilage was significantly up-regulated in the other two groups(P＜0.05).Compared with group OA,the MWT was significantly increased at 7-28 days after establishment of the model,and the expression of β-catenin and MMP-13 in the cartilage was significantly down-regulated in group O (P＜0.05).The pathological changes of the cartilage were significantly reduced in group O as compared with group OA.Conclusion The mechanism by which O3 mitigates OA is probably related to inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation in the articular cartilage in rats.
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Objective:To collect the imaging data and related materials of the patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR)after coronary artery stent operation with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS),and to analyze the risk factors of ISR,and to propose the reasonable intervention strategies.Methods:Fifty patients with ISR were divided into ISR ≤ 50% drug group (n = 14 )and ISR > 50% drug group (n = 36),including drug-coated balloon therapy group (n=16)and stent treatment group (n=20);IVUS virtual organization technology was used to compare the plaque area,location,tissue composition,thrombus and other factors of the patients in various groups after treatment;the data changes after 6 months of follow-up were analyzed.Results:The IVUS results showed the plaque areas and plaque loads of the ISR patients treated with intervention were significantly reduced compared with before operation (P 0.05).Conclusion:The ISR rate is higher in the patients with high degree of fiber components,plaque composition heterogeneity and distribution of diffuse tortuous and calcified lesions.ISR has no significant correlation with the plaque wall thickness and lipid content and plaque instability and necrotic tissue proportion.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of injection of ozone (O3) through lateral recess for the treatment of radiculitis caused by lumbar disc herniation on the blood glucose in patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods Ninety-six patients with radiculitis caused by lumbar disc herniation involving 48 patients with diabetes mellitus and 48 patients without diabetes mellitus were enrolled in the study.The diabetic or non-diabetic patients were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =24 each):non-diabetic patients-O3 group (group N-O3 ),non-diabetic patients-ghcocorticoid group (group N-GC),diabetic patients-O3 group (group D-O3 ),and diabetic patients-glucocorticoid group (group D-GC).In N-O3 and D-O3 groups,30 mg/L O3 10 ml was injected via the lateral recess.In N-GC and D-GC groups,compound betamethasone injection 3.5 mg was injected via the lateral recess.The blood glucose level was measured before treatment (T1),1 and 4 h after treatment (T3,4),and 1,3 and 7 days after treatment (T5-7).VAS score was recorded at T1,immediately after treatment (T2),and at T5-7.The patients' quality of life was measured using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (MOS SF-36 Health Survey) questionnaire at T1,7.The therapeutic effect was evaluated at T7.The side effects were recorded.Results Compared with the baseline value at T1,VAS scores were significantly decreased after treatment,while the MOS SF-36 Health Survey questionnaire scores for physical functioning,bodily pain,role emotional,and mental health in all groups,for general health in group N-GC,and for vitality in groups D-O3 and N-O3 were significantly increased at T7,and the blood glucose level was significantly increased at T4 in groups N-GC and D-O3,and at T3-7 in group D-GC ( P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant change in the blood glucose level before and after treatment in group N-O3.The blood glucose level was significantly higher in group N-GC than in group N-O3,and in group D-GC than in group D-O3 ( P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in the excellent and good rates and all the MOS SF-36 Health Survey questionnaire scores among all groups.No side effects were found in the study.Conclusion Injection of ozone through lateral recess for treatment of radiculitis caused by lumbar disc herniation exerts no influence on the blood glucose level in patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Vasovagal reflex is one of complications from cardiac intervention.The major causes of vasovagal reflex postprocedure are commonly believed to be associated with mental stress,pain,low blood volume,visceral dilation,local hematoma and cardiac function.The incidence of vasovagal reflex may be effectively reduced with standard intervention training,strictly selected indications for PCI,adequate fluid replacement after procedure,anesthetic lidocaine to reduce pain,improved manual compression for vascular hemostasis and elimination of risk factors.